Designing an Organizational Attachment Model Based on Reciprocal Relationships (Case Study: Tehran Province Water and Wastewater Company)
Keywords:
Organizational attachment, mutual relationships, content analysis, Tehran Province Water and Wastewater CompanyAbstract
This study aimed to design and validate an organizational attachment model based on reciprocal relationships in the Tehran Province Water and Wastewater Company. An exploratory–confirmatory mixed-methods design was employed. In the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 academic experts, managers, and professionals, and thematic analysis was used to extract the conceptual dimensions of the model. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-developed questionnaire was administered to 410 employees of subsidiary companies in Tehran Province, and the data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling through SPSS and Smart PLS. The results confirmed a four-dimensional structure of organizational attachment including emotional, behavioral, cognitive–occupational, and identity–social attachment; all constructs demonstrated acceptable reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, significant path coefficients, moderate to high coefficients of determination, and satisfactory overall model fit. The proposed model demonstrates that organizational attachment emerges from sustained reciprocal relationships between employees and the organization and provides a practical framework for strengthening human resource management in public service organizations.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Maryam Asghari (Author); Davoud Haghkhah; Roghayeh Hasanzadeh (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
