Identification of Causal Factors of Effective Organizational Culture with a Psychological Approach in Governmental Organizations of Mazandaran Province
Keywords:
Organizational Culture, Psychological Approach, Governmental Organizations, Human-Centered Leadership, Managerial VisionAbstract
This study aimed to develop a model of effective organizational culture with a psychological approach tailored to governmental organizations in Mazandaran Province. An exploratory sequential mixed-method design was used. In the qualitative phase, grounded theory was applied through semi-structured interviews with 25 experts (12 selected via snowball sampling) and analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. In the quantitative phase, 357 participants were selected via stratified random sampling from 5,912 managers and employees based on the Krejcie and Morgan table. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire with 65 items across 6 dimensions and 13 components. Content validity was confirmed through expert judgment and CVI/CVR indices, construct validity through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and reliability through Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability. Data were analyzed using SPSS, PLS-SEM, and MAXQDA. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the “causal conditions” dimension had a significant factor loading (t=8.220, β=0.43, R²=0.37). The PLS model identified two key causal factors: human-centered leadership style and managerial vision and insight, both directly and indirectly shaping psychological organizational culture. Managerial vision and insight had a factor loading of 0.960 and a path coefficient of 0.980. Path analysis confirmed significant paths from human-centered leadership to causal conditions (t=319.871), managerial vision to causal conditions (t=343.374), and causal conditions to psychological organizational culture (t=25.064). Strengthening human-centered leadership and managerial vision plays a decisive role in developing an effective psychological organizational culture. Cultural transformation requires not only structural change but also shifts in managerial mindsets. Investing in leadership training, coaching, and feedback can enhance organizational culture, psychological well-being, motivation, creativity, and sustainable competitive advantage in governmental organizations.
Downloads
References
Ahmad, N. R., Ullah, I., Aziz, M. U., & Iqbal, F. (2025). Investigating Stress, Burnout, and Organizational Factors Contributing to Psychological Well-being at Work. Review of Education, Administration & Law, 8(1), 29-40. https://doi.org/10.47067/real.v8i1.401
Ansari, F., Namvar, Y., Rastegoo, A., & Soleimani, T. (2025). Designing a Model for Enhancing Organizational Culture Suitable for Educational and Therapeutic Centers. Quarterly Journal of Research in Medical Education, 17(3), 12-27. https://doi.org/10.32592/rmegums.17.3.12
Blom, A. B., & Curseu, P. L. (2025). A multilevel investigation of the relationship between the strength of ethical organizational culture and psychological safety: Do simple organizational interventions work? Journal of Organizational Change Management, 38(2), 378-392. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOCM-06-2024-0345
Chalmers, R., Marras, A., & Brannan, G. D. (2025). Organizational culture. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.annualreviews.org/content/journals/10.1146/annurev.so.11.080185.002325
Huang, C.-C., & Huang, S. M. (2020). External and internal capabilities and organizational performance: Does intellectual capital matter? Asia Pacific Management Review, 25, 111-120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmrv.2019.12.001
Iskamto, D. (2023). Organizational Culture and Its Impact on Employee Performance. International Journal of Management and Digital Business, 2(1), 47-55. https://doi.org/10.54099/ijmdb.v2i1.584
Javanmard, A., Shamohammadi, M., Farkhi, A., & Ardalan, O. (2025). Organizational Culture Model of the Ground Forces with an Islamic-Iranian Approach. Quarterly Journal of Military Management. https://jmm.iranjournals.ir/article_727638.html?lang=fa
Karimi, Y. (2023). Personality Psychology. Virayesh. https://ravanamooz.ir/product/
Kiakjoori, D., Kiadliri, S., & Kiani, R. (2025). A Study on the Relationship between Organizational Culture and Knowledge Management in Iranian Organizations. Quarterly Journal of Applied Research in Market Management, 11(39). https://www.ensani.ir/fa/article/610831
Kyambade, M., Tushabe, M., Mugerwa, G. W., & Namatovu, A. (2025). Am not contented at work: Unraveling socially responsible leadership and psychological safety on job satisfaction in Ugandan public universities. Management Research Review, 48(6), 863-882. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-05-2024-0344
Moghimi, S. M., & Imani, H. (2023). Change Management, Improvement, and Organizational Transformation. Organization for Researching and Composing University Textbooks in the Humanities (SAMT) and Research Institute for the Development of Humanities. https://samt.ac.ir/fa/book/6276
Mohibi, L., Maleki, M., & Banisi, V. (2023). Examining the Role of Organizational Culture Dimensions on the Performance of Educational Organizations. Journal of Advances in Psychology, Educational Sciences and Training, 6(60), 183-188. https://civilica.com/doc/1707511/
Mokhchy, J., Chen, G., Ahmad, S., Khan, Y. A., Zhang, J., & Ahmed, M. (2025). Dynamic impact of leadership style, knowledge-sharing, and organizational culture on organizational performance. Current Psychology, 44(6), 4097-4112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-025-07411-z
Mousavi, S. M. (2025). Pathology of the Denison Organizational Culture Model in Entrepreneurial Tourism Organizations. Quarterly Journal of Education and Entrepreneurship Management, 4(7), 101-120. https://journals.razi.ac.ir/article_3779.html
Niazi, A., Rashidi, Z., & Mohammadi, E. (2025). Identifying Components of Sustainable Organizational Culture with a Social Responsibility Approach. Quarterly Journal of Personal Development and Organizational Transformation, 3(4), 1-15. https://journalpdot.com/index.php/jpdot/article/view/192
Popescu, C. R. G., & Kyriakopoulos, G. L. (2022). Strategic Human Resource Management in the 21st-Century Organizational Landscape: Human and Intellectual Capital as Drivers for Performance Management. In COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on New Economy Development and Societal Change (pp. 296-323). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3374-4.ch015
Prochazka, J., Kacmar, P., Lebedova, T., Dudasova, L., & Vaculik, M. (2025). The revised compound psychological capital scale (CPC-12R): validity and cross-cultural invariance in an organizational context. International journal of mental health and addiction, 23(1), 750-771. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-023-01135-6
Wardana, Y. F. W., Sudirman, S., Rachman, R. S., Paramansyah, A., & Ramli, A. (2024). Analysis of The Influence of Organizational Culture and School Principal Leadership Style on Performance of Private National High School Teachers. https://repository.uinsi.ac.id/handle/123456789/3854
Downloads
Published
Submitted
Revised
Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 سید مهدی هاشمی (نویسنده); قاسم علی طالبی; منصور رنجبر (نویسنده)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
