Design and Validation of a Smart Public Relations Model in Iran’s Food Industry Using Structural Equation Modeling
Keywords:
Smart Public Relations, Food Industry, Structural Equation Modeling, Digital Interaction, Data AnalyticsAbstract
This study aimed to design and validate a comprehensive and context-specific smart public relations model for Iran’s food industry by examining the causal relationships among its key components. The research is applied and quantitative in nature, employing structural equation modeling; data were collected through a researcher-developed questionnaire with 48 items across 12 constructs from 400 public relations managers and experts in the food industry and analyzed using LISREL software. The results indicated that digital infrastructure, digital skills training, and ethical governance significantly predict interactive engagement and sentiment analysis, data-driven decision-making positively affects real-time responsiveness and message personalization, and brand trust plays a significant mediating role in influencing media crisis management and communication effectiveness assessment, while crisis management and effectiveness assessment directly enhance digital competitive advantage, with the overall model demonstrating good fit indices. The validated model provides an integrated and empirically supported framework for advancing smart public relations and guiding digital transformation strategies in organizational communication within Iran’s food industry.
Downloads
References
Adama, F. O., Kossi, O. G., Okujeni, R., Vendaga, J., & Okocha, D. O. (2025). Assessing the Integration of Public Relations Managers into The Management Team of Corporate Organizations in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Communication Review (Njcr), 4(2). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/391014822_Assessing_the_Integration_of_Public_Relations_Managers_into_the_Management_Team_of_Corporate_Organisations_in_Nigeria
Alsabati, M., & Yaqub, A. H. (2025). Public Relations Utilization of AI Algorithms to Analyze Fan Sentiments Toward Saudi Clubs on Social Media. Ijesa, 4(5), 496-556. https://doi.org/10.59992/ijesa.2025.v4n5p16
Bibilashvili, L., Kaladze, N., & Bandzeladze, M. (2024). Career Development and Leadership Opportunities in Public Relations From Georgian Perspective. CJSS, 14(1), 43-61. https://doi.org/10.62343/cjss.2021.197
Cutlip, S. M., Center, A. H., & Broom, G. M. (2000). Effective Public Relations. Pearson. https://books.google.com/books/about/Effective_Public_Relations.html?id=gqsbAQAAMAAJ
Gregory, A. (2020). Planning and Managing Public Relations Campaigns. Kogan Page Publishers. https://books.google.com/books/about/Planning_and_Managing_Public_Relations_C.html?id=pr89juHFYbUC
Grunig, J. E., & Hunt, T. (1984). Managing Public Relations. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. https://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Managing_Public_Relations.html?id=qCtpQgAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
Kamali Rad, I., & Jalali Rishahri, A. (2024). Investigating the impact of electronic leadership principles on public relations effectiveness and organizational improvement. Quarterly Journal of New Research Approaches in Management and Accounting, 8(92), 1772-1796. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://majournal.ir/index.php/ma/article/view/2484&ved=2ahUKEwjEmvSPgbCPAxWkwvACHVdTDVEQFnoECBsQAQ&usg=AOvVaw0HzZ7ID817AkLwRAdn0eHc
Laskin, A. V., & Freberg, K. (2024). Public Relations and Strategic Communication in 2050. TAYLOR FRANCIS Limited. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003426653
Ledingham, J. A., & Bruning, S. D. (1998). Relationship management in public relations. Journal of Public Relations Research, 10(2), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0363-8111(98)80020-9
Lukman, S., Koswara, A., & Sani, A. (2025). The Role of Public Relations Education and Students’ Self-Efficacy on Career Aspiration. Profesi Humas, 9(2), 283-304. https://doi.org/10.24198/prh.v9i2.59571
Macnamara, J. (2016). Organizational Listening: The Missing Essential in Public Communication. Peter Lang. https://books.google.com/books/about/Organizational_Listening.html?id=_ahRjgEACAAJ
Macnamara, J., & Gregory, A. (2018). Expanding evaluation to progress strategic communication. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 12(4), 469-486. https://doi.org/10.1080/1553118X.2018.1450255
Moghaddam Zadeh, H., Roshendel, T., & Seyed Javadin, S. R. (2023). Presenting a Competency Model for Public Relations Managers of Major Cities' Municipalities. Interdisciplinary Studies in Communications and Media, 6(19).
Saffer, A. J., Sommerfeldt, E. J., & Taylor, M. (2013). The effects of organizational Twitter interactivity on engagement and trust. Public Relations Review, 39(3), 213-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2013.02.005
Seyed Moḥsenī, S. S., Dādgarān, S. M., & Afkhamī, H. (2022). Communication Challenges of Public Relations and Mass Media (Case Study: Ministries and National Newspapers). Resāneh (Media), 33(3, Serial 128), 297-317.
Theunissen, P., & Wan Noordin, W. N. (2012). Revisiting the concept "dialogue" in public relations. Public Relations Review. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2011.09.006
Torossian, R. M. (2025). Exploring the relationship between corporate reputation and the public's crisis communication on social media. Public Relations Review, 44(1), 56-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2017.12.006
Wiyono, B. B., Komariah, A., Alghamdi, A. A., & Fahlevi, M. (2023). The influence of principals'e-leadership on the effectiveness of schools' public relations and organizational improvement. Sustainability, 15(2), 1296. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021296
Wright, D. K., & Hinson, M. D. (2017). An updated look at the impact of social media on public relations practice. Public Relations Journal. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228656353_An_Updated_Look_at_the_Impact_of_Social_Media_on_Public_Relations_Practice
Zerfass, A., Verčič, D., Nothhaft, H., & Werder, K. P. (2018). Strategic communication: Defining the field. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 12(4), 487-505. https://doi.org/10.1080/1553118X.2018.1493485
Zerfass, A., Verčič, D., & Wiesenberg, M. (2016). The dawn of a new golden age for public relations? Public Relations Review, 42(5), 715-722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2016.03.005
Zhang, W., & Adegbola, O. (2022). Emotional intelligence and public relations: An empirical review. Public Relations Review, 48(3), 102199.
Downloads
Publication Timeline
- Submitted
- Revised
- Accepted
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Nazanin Sadat Jafari Sheshmad (Author); Reza Abdolrahmani; Neda Shafiei, Ali Jafari (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.