رسانههای محلی و بازتولید کلیشههای قومی در جوامع چندقومیتی ایران و افغانستان؛ مطالعهای در چارچوب جرمشناسی فرهنگی
کلمات کلیدی:
جرمشناسی فرهنگی, بازنمایی رسانهيی, کلیشههای قومی, برچسبزنی قومی, رسانههای محلیچکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نقش رسانههای محلی در بازتولید کلیشههای قومی در جوامع چندقومیتی ایران و افغانستان، در چارچوب جرمشناسی فرهنگی انجام شده است. روش پژوهش، تحلیل محتوای کیفی نمونههایی از بازنماییهای قومی در رسانههای دیداری و نوشتاری هر دو کشور، شامل سریالهای «نونخ»، «سووشون»، «غربت»، برنامه «فیتیله» در ایران، و برنامه «افغاناستار» و سریال «کابل کچن» در افغانستان و سطح بینالمللی است. یافتهها نشان میدهد که رسانههای هر دو کشور از سه سازوکار اصلی قاببندی تهدیدآمیز، جرمانگاری مکانی و هویتی، و گفتمانسازی ایدئولوژیک برای بازتولید کلیشههای قومی استفاده میکنند. در ایران، ساختار متمرکز رسانهيی همراه با گفتمان همگونساز ملی‑مذهبی، کلیشهها را در قالب حاشیهيیسازی و امنیتیزدایی بازتولید میکند، در حالیکه در افغانستان، تکثر قومی عمیق و ناپایداری نهادی، رسانهها را به عرصهی منازعۀ مستقیم هویتی تبدیل کرده است. پیامد این بازتولید، تشدید ترس اخلاقی نسبت به گروههای قومی خاص، کاهش سرمایۀ اجتماعی، افزایش تقاضا برای اقدامات امنیتی تنبیهی و گسترش شکافهای قومی و بیگانگی گروههای حاشیهنشین از نظام سیاسی‑رسانهيی است. بر این اساس، پیشنهاد میشود سیاستگذاران رسانهيی با جایگزینی رویکرد مبتنی بر حساسیت چندفرهنگی و ایمنی اجتماعی، از طریق تقویت رسانههای محلی مستقل، تدوین آییننامههای نظارتی شفاف و آموزش سواد رسانهيی، به کاهش کلیشهسازی و افزایش همبستگی اجتماعی بهعنوان زیرساخت پیشگیری مشارکتی از جرم، کمک کنند.
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حق نشر 2026 Mohammad Dawood Nazem (Author); Mahmoud Habibitabar; Mahdi Esmaeli (Author)

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